Small Business Enterprise in the UK Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Small Business Enterprise in the UK - Assignment Example Here I am comparing my industry with some of the industries who are in same business and equal size and doing business in the same geographical area. With that, I will be discussing various performance measures and their advantages and disadvantages. Our company is facing some issues regarding turn over and irregularity among the employees. Recruitment is also having some problem in the plant. Worried managers are trying to handle the situation strategically. Their main concern is a hierarchy of the organization. Our company’s hierarchy is a very tall one. A number of responder in a tall structure is lesser here. This results in better opportunities for the superiors to monitor and supervise the activities of the subordinates (courses.jonesinternational.edu, n.d., p.185). The employees of the organization played no role in designing and running the production lines. Also, the organization followed the Taylorist style of production which refers to the mass production system. Th e Taylorist production approach was established by F.W.Taylor, who gave birth to Scientific Management. His school of thoughts is termed as Taylorism. According to it anything can be learned and taught. This theory treats the humans like machines and proposed that for the achieving higher production the management must eliminate inefficiency from its functioning. However, this theory completely neglects the usual complications that happen within a normal human being (Boyd, n.d). Taylorist production style supports the assembly line system where each worker performs the same task repetitively. Here the concept of division of labor was given significance and people started getting experienced in a certain domain while the rest of the production system remained unknown to them. To maintain the distance between management and employees a strict policy is there. Repetition of the task makes employees bore. Quality fall as a result and management worried. Then employees get threatened or scolded and employee turnover rises. The theories which were employed to channelize the changes within the organization made the Hawk Car Company eliminate the tall hierarchical structure and instead of that, they introduced Adhocracy. The adhocracy structure is characterized by dynamic and organic units which have limited standardization and formalization and is inclined toward decentralized decision making. These units are associated with the least routine task and lower vertical differentiation which encourages greater responsiveness and flexibility among the employees (Robbins and Mathew, 2009, pp 199- 200). The management also took vital steps towards training the employees in such a manner so that they can gain knowledge about the entire production system. The workers were provided with the opportunity to grow in their position by better performance. The new management style took great care of the employee’s personal lives too and helped them in solving those to the pos sible extent.

Free

Freedom of Speech Essay Originally rap music has been around since 1926 and was not as popular back then as it is now. Teenagers to adults listen to an average of two point five (2.5) maybe three (3) hours of music per day. Study shown in 1 of 3 of the songs played contains explicit language and reference to drugs alcohol or women. Ice Cube’s album entitled ‘Death Certificate’ sends messages that bluntly and descriptively threatens violence against homosexuals, women, whites who exploit blacks, whites who covet black women, Korean shopkeepers and police officers. Jon Pareles who wrote the article, ‘Should Ice Cube Voice be Chilled? ’argues from several different point of views on why Cube’s album should not be sold. The article also argues that his voice should be chilled because of violent lyrics and threats towards which it addresses. Jon Pareles made his argument by simply using different responses and groups to show why the album should not be sold and should be edited. For example, the Simon Wiesenthal Center is Jewish human rights group who demanded four major record stores chains to cease in selling the album. The called it ‘cultural Molotov cocktail’. After listening to it, the Center realizes how quickly this album is going to explode in the minds and ears of young and old listeners. Another example was ‘Black Korea’ which according to Ice Cube meant Korean shopkeepers who follow the customer throughout the store to ensure they do not steal. This section of the album did not just scratched below the surface but stirred a nationwide boycott. The Korean- American Coalition did not take this lightly, they condemned and deleted it. In an editorial review, a response by James Bernard favored censoring the lyrics because some people are too thin-skinned. Also, Mr. Bernard knew that these types of issue people are force to face on a day to day basis. Why did Ice Cube use such blunt and threatening lyrics? Ice Cube was born and raised in an area polluted with crime, violence and where trust was hidden underground. His inappropriate reactions and vengeance was all towards how he and his people were treated (bullied). Pareles describes this reaction of one that is simplistic and ugly because, this would not eradicate the problem but cause an escalation. The clear message of this album caught enough attention by the media and organizations to determine whether or not ‘Death Certificate’ should be heard at all. The question remains unanswered to curious critics, why are people buying ‘Death Certificate’. Some just savor the action like movie imagery that Ice Cube presents. His gift of violence attracts his listeners to buy the album. Ice Cube lyrics did have some effects on young listeners during the recession; gang involvement disillusioned. However, the majority of the listeners will just play loud music. Jon Pareles produced strong points from many different organizations, groups and individual views on why the album should be terminated. The writer never once critized Ice Cube but spectated his album as a whole. On the other hand, Pareles also agree that although Ice Cube does not have the most positive thinking, he has a right to be heard, but he is going to have to answer and be challenged for his thinking and decisions.

The Sense Of Community Cohesion In Britain Sociology Essay

The Sense Of Community Cohesion In Britain Sociology Essay Socio-anthropologists hold the opinion that people think, feel and act in certain ways based on the environment in which they have grown. The environment in this context could be inferred as the community that has influence their make-up or identity. In recent times, public debates in the media by politicians, journalists, experts and other stakeholders have focused on what is or constitute being British. These debates have sharply bordered on socio-religious identities, and raised questions such as: Does religious beliefs supersede community bonding? To what extent is ones loyalty to the community in which one lives?. Other debates have been on profiling and condemnation of racially motivated violence and harassment, a hand wringing debate on institutional racism following the publication in 1999 of the Macpherson Report into the death of Stephen Lawrence (Amin, 2002). Government policies and legislatives on equal opportunity to highlight awareness of sense of community, presuppose that the very fabric of the concept of community is weakened and threatened in our contemporary Britain. Community is A body of people having common rights, privileges, or interests, or living in the same place under the same laws and regulations (http://www.brainyquote.com/words/co/community146100.html) The meaning of the word Community has changed over the years. Smith (2001)explores the theory of community in the article entitled Community and highlighted on why the attention on social capital and community may be important. the use of the term community has remained to some extent associated with the hope and the wish of reviving once more the closer, warmer, more harmonious type of bonds between people vaguely attributed to past ages (Elias 1974, quoted by Hoggett 1997: 5). People lived in groups sharing faith, religion and other social norms during pre industrialization era. Community was redefined after this when people became workers in industries. They were many studies about community in the middle of the 20th century leading a deeper analysis of the term. The free Dictionary however defines individualism as a belief in the importance of the individual and the virtue of self-reliance and personal independence. This definition  highlights on the word belief anything held as true. Thus in this context the individuals opinion is held in high esteem and supplants that of any others. Hofstede (1991) in his cultural dimensions describes individualism as pertains to societies in which the ties between individuals are loose: everyone is expected to look after himself or herself and his or her immediate family. Hofstede scaled Britain on high individualism index of 89, and that people thinks in terms of I and not We. Researchers found that Britain was the most individualistic society in the world one that valued the self over the group more than any other country.(Richard A, 2009) According to the Kwintessential website certain traits are common to countries that have high individualism. personal goals and achievement are strived for, it is acceptable to pursue individual goals at the expense of others, individualism is encouraged whether it be personality, clothes or music tastes and finally the right of the individual reign supreme; thus laws to protect choices and freedom of speech. (http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/intercultural/individualism.html) A recent report for the Childrens Society highlights the above facts. Leading experts today identify excessive individualism as the greatest threat to our children. In a landmark report on A Good Childhood, commissioned by The Childrens Society and published by Penguin, they show that childrens lives have become more difficult than in the past, and they trace this to excessive individualism. (http://www.childrenssociety.org.uk/whats_happening/media_office/latest_news/14758_news.html) Other organisations like Joseph Rowntree Foundation have express the fear over the changes that are taking place in Britain. They have classified excessive individualism as a social evil. The JRFs recent public consultation revealed a strong sense of unease about some of the changes shaping British society. This Viewpoint continues the discussion about modern social evils on the theme of inequality. Chris Creegan argues that until we can reconcile the problems of excessive individualism, consumerism and greed at the heart of contemporary society, life opportunities will continue to be lost, limited and wasted. (Creegan C, 2008) To enable all different groups to get on well in all communities, community cohesion should take place. A cohesive community is one that affords the people in the community knowledge of their rights and responsibilities. People from different backgrounds in this community should have similar opportunities. They must also trust their local institutions like the police and the courts. They should believe that the local council will offer fair services to all in the community and not for instance place all new immigrants looking for accommodation from social landlords into areas that are deprived and unwanted by the rest of the community. The community must recognize the contributions of both new arrivals and those already settled and not be intimidated by the change it brings. A typical example is the arrival of the Polish immigrants. Some people in Britain could not recognize the skills, experience and knowledge they brought to the nation but rather were fearful that they had taken jobs from the British. Also, that there are positive relationships between people of different backgrounds at school, work and home. According to Ted Cantle Community cohesion à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ isà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦micro-communitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦mesh into an integrated whole. These divided communities would need to develop common goals and a shared vision (Home Office, 2001b: 70). In his recommendations, Cantle draws on the importance and the need for Social networks and social capital, social order and social control, social solidarity and reductions in wealth disparities. Worley (2005) also demonstrates how the concept of   community is vi tal to the community  cohesion, and suggests that whilst the  concept of community is highly ambiguous, it has continuing significance in New Labour policymaking.   Excessive Individualism is concerned with each one for him/herself and God for us all and therefore undermines the sense of community cohesion in Britain. People have become increasingly self-reliant. Families are not so extended anymore but reliant on one, two or the most three people. People are not in contact so much with their relatives and tend to rely on their immediate family only. Family homes are acquired to accommodate the immediate family and not the extended family. People hire child minder, nannies and do not rely so much on their relative anymore. Everyone aspires to be rich or amass wealth that will meet his and her families needs. Some researchers have even blamed the recession on individualism. From the public consultation we did last year, there was a strong sense that the decline of community has corresponded with a rise in individualism. Participants suggested that people increasingly look after their own individual or family interests without considering the needs of society or the community. (Urwin J, 2008) People are no more interested in what the community achieves but what they the individuals can achieve. Even industries encourage people to be individualist by offering DIY packages which take attention from tradesmen to the individual. Thus a sense of togetherness is non existent. If the advent of industrialization has promoted individualism, then what about information age. Computerization, in terms of games development such Wii, Playstation and Xbox 360 are all means and mediums that does not encourage people to go out and socialize in the community, rather it encourages people to engage with themselves. Online shopping has brought the benefit of purchasing items from the comfort of our homes; however, this goes a long way to kill social interaction. Most social activities are now targeted at the individual in his home. People have become lazy at forming relationships with others especially those who live in urban areas. The East end of London was once a upon a time described as dark in the night and dark in day dark in the day meaning it was not lit up by the middle classs Christianity. That has diminished in todays Britain leaving little bulbs of religion here and there making religion or faith very individualistic.And yet the old east end is often held up as the epitome of community. Peoples values vary and individual behaviour has become very personal and cant be corrected by community as before. You cant correct other peoples children without being murdered or abused. Everyone keeps themselves to themselves and its hard to get to know your neighbours. There are some very sweeping generalizations in these preceding statements they referencing or at least phrased with greater nuance. This is what happened in Oldham, Burnley and Bradford when communities lived in different areas went to different schools and had little to do with each other. Whilst the physical segregation of housing estates and inner city areas came as no surprise, the team was particularly struck by the depth of polarisation of our towns and cities. The extent to which these physical divisions were compounded by so many other aspects of our daily lives, was very evident. Separate educational arrangements, community and voluntary bodies, employment, places of worship, language, social and cultural networks, means that many communities operate on the basis of a series of parallel lives. (Independent Review Team, 2001; 9) Peoples inability to relate to others goes a long way to affect community cohesion. It creates fear, tensions and misunderstanding which is what was experienced in Bradford, Burnley and Oldham. Fears about the overwhelming and negative effect of diversity on social cohesion and national identity have been expressed by journalists and policy makers alike. For example, David Goodhart, the editor of The Prospect, targeted his February 2004 article at the detrimental impact of ethnic diversity in modern Britain on the sense of community and solidarity among citizens, and on the viability of the British welfare state (Goodhart 2004), while Trevor Philips, Chair of the Commission for Racial Equality, reiterated this argument by stressing the need for strengthening common values and core Britishness (Baldwin and Rozenberg 2004). (http://www.nuff.ox.ac.uk/Politics/papers/2005/NLetki_social%20capital%20and%20diversity_final.pdf) This paragraph is all a quote authors citing other authors. It needs some link to your argument pulling out those elements that directly bear on it. Having said all of the above, community cohesion issues are multifaceted and function differently in specific areas. There are many parts to building community cohesion, from tackling inequalities to developing peoples understanding and tolerance of others. (http://www.nottinghamcity.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=2627) Excessive individualism is not the only factor that works against community cohesion. There are other factors like integration which needs to happen for new residents and existing residents to understand and accept one another. In the Cantle report the issue of intergration came up and the comments were as follows: The other problematic issue is that of levels of integration/segregation. Again there is a perception within the established white community that minority communities do not do enough to integrate into what they see as British culture or society, instead forming a separate community (a view which seems at odds with the observed white flight when such integration is attempted). Yet to an extent segregation will always occur through choice- whether naturally gravitating towards people who share your views or seeking minority-specific facilities such as places of worship or particular shops and services that would not be financially viable in a more dispersed community- and this is not necessarily a cause for concern. The Cantle Independant Review team notes: (Wntrmute 2003) A cohesive community must also have the ability to create opportunities to bring people together, confront myths and intolerance so that people in the community can realise their full potential. Every area is unique and will therefore face different challenges. Britain has a rich diversity in towns, cities, urban and picturesque villages. Community cohesion must be able to meet the differing needs of its residents before cohesion can be promoted. For community cohesion to function well there needs to a sense of safety. People must feel safe and welcome. There should be jobs so that establish residents do not start to blame new residents of taking their jobs. Social trends have also influenced the experience of poverty within England. For example, unemployment figures are roughly comparable with those of the 1970s, but changes in social structure (more single home owners or single parent families) mean that a greater number of homes lack a source of income. The UK is the only EU country in which households with children are more likely than households without children to include no one with a job. This is attributed to the high proportion of UK lone parents without a job. (from the Social Inclusion National Action Plan) (Wntrmute 2003) Lack of jobs in certain communities in Britain has created a gap of have and half not in communities. Priorities should be given to regenerating run down areas in the community to promote community cohesion. If run down areas are not regenerated residents will start to become bitter and it will create tensions in the community. This will also attract businesses to the area which will in turn impact on the community. The provision of affordable housing will also help promote community cohesion. Housing is recognised as a major determinant of the shape of communities (Independent Review Team, 2001; Home Office, 2001) In communities like Slough where there has been a large in flux of immigrants, there are accusations that local residents are being passed over in social housing. Also, when there is housing, communities do not break up and move away looking for housing elsewhere. In recent times, we have seen young people move away from villages because properties there are too expensive. Residents in the community should also be provided with the opportunities for training for jobs. This will boost confidence and enhance job seeking opportunities. There should be good transport links in the community. This should put the community on the map. Make people get to places quickly and conveniently. Give access to shops and amenities. There should be good environmental improvement which will enhance communities. An insert of cultural and leisure facilities should aid the promotion of a cohesive community. Cultural and community centres which promote belonging. Britain is now made up of people from different backgrounds and for them to get on well together community cohesion must happen. This will however, be difficult if excessive individualism is prevalent. Having said that, community cohesion cannot be undermined by excessive individualism alone other factors like housing, poverty, race etc are contributing factors. . .

America Should take the Lead in Stopping Global Warming Essay -- Climat

Because of the apparent melting of the polar ice caps, scientists have begun to admonish the industrialized nations that they must take extreme measures to stop global warming. America should take the lead in stopping global warming. There is much controversy among scientists as to whether or not global warming is actually happening. With all the evidence that has been collected, one can conclude that the Earth is showing signs of climate change. The Earth’s average temperature has climbed about one point four degrees Fahrenheit since the year 1880 (â€Å"Global Warming Fast Facts† 2007). The last two decades have been some of the hottest in four hundred years. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports that eleven out of the past twelve years have been the warmest since 1850 (â€Å"Global Warming Fast Facts† 2007). ("Data @ NASA GISS: GISS Surface Temperature Analysis† 2010) Figure 1-1 shows the increasing temperature. As one can see the rate at which the global temperature is increasing is staggering. This chart only shows the changes in temperature for only twenty years, one must think what the chart for 2000 till present day must look like. Global warming could possibly be one of the most devastating events that our Earth has seen. The climate changes are destroying some very precious ecosystems that do not adapt well to change. The coral reef is one example. The change in the water temperature is causing the coral to become bleached and die off (Markey 2006). â€Å"Bleaching† is the reaction that the coral has to the changing water temperatures. When the water changes, the coral secretes its food making algae, making it die. In 1998, the El Nino weather pattern brought the most spread of bleached coral. â€Å"16%... ...exhibitgcc/>. National Geographic news team. "Global Warming Fast Facts." Daily Nature and Science News and Headlines | National Geographic News. National Geographic, 1996. Web. 07 Jan. 2010. /2004/12/1206_041206_global_warming.html "National Hurricane Center." National Hurricane Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 26 Jan. 2010. . Pew Center. "Global Warming Facts and Figures | Pew Center on Global Climate Change: The Pew Center on Global Climate Change." Homepage | Pew Center on Global Climate Change: The Pew Center on Global Climate Change. Web. 08 Jan. 2010. . Team #C006156. "Global Warming - How Harmful Is It ?." Oracle ThinkQuest Library . N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Jan. 2010. .

Money Doesn’t Bring Happiness

As u have heard many times money does not bring happiness. Happiness has to be gained. Good morning ladies, gentlemen and my fellow students I am standing before u declaring a speech on the topic does money make u happy. no doubt you've met people who appear to be trapped in an unsatisfying cycle of materialism and unhappiness. they confuse money for what is really supposed to be measured and there by maximize the wrong thing. Among other things three leave out of the equation all kinds of success in our lives, in our families lives and in our friendships life that money does not measure.Even their work choices reflect the sad mistake of forgoing what they love doing for what brings happiness. Do we really care about one-upmanship than material comforts? hardly. What the data tells us is that richer people are happier than poorer people. The reason is because richer think that they are more successful in life but it's success not money that we really crave Money can buy so many thing s except for happiness. Happiness is gained when u have fun in ur life with family and friends.That in my opinion I can do without money. Happiness is a feeling the things that make me happy are swimming playing having fun all money can do is make a person live a life in a hard way without fun. nowadays rich people spend most of their time counting money and u know time lost is never gained. In conclusion people lets live life love life and not let money get in the way of our happiness. I stand here and inform u that my opinion is that money does not make u happy . Thank u                                                     THE END

5 Ways to Avoid The Stress of Social Media Overload - BestEssay.Education

5 Ways to Avoid The Stress of Social Media Overload 5 Ways to Avoid The Stress of Social Media Overload Study...previous generation that supposedly loved each other more and did a better job of having relationships with one another because they didnt have Facebook/Smart phones or that crazy rock and roll music... Let's be honest, you are on social media all of the time. That is not going to change. You've seen all of the memes and Facebook posts lamenting some previous generation that supposedly loved each other more and did a better job of having relationships with one another because they didn't have Facebook/Smart phones or that crazy rock and roll music, and you've rolled your eyes along with the rest of us. This doesn't mean that social media involvement doesn't come with a potential cost. Social media overload can cause stress, sleeplessness, and it can cause you to change your online behaviors in certain ways. One way that this happens is that you become too eager to receive likes and shares on your social media posts, especially those that highlight your physical attributes. Social media overload can also impact relationships and grades. This is too bad, because social media can be such a positive part of life where we can connect with people, play games, and share our stories and pho tographs. It is sad that it turns into such a negative for some people. Fortunately, there are 5 ways to avoid the stress and other negative impacts of social media overload. 1. Cut Out The Toxic People and Conflicts Poisoning Your Feed Nobody is perfect. However, there are people and entities on your social media feed who contribute nothing but negativity. Remember that there is a difference between somebody who adds a bit of naughty, gossipy fun to your news feed, and somebody who just starts trouble and seeks attention. The difficult part of this process is that you may end up cutting off people you truly care about. Just remember that you have intermediate options such as hiding somebody from your wall temporarily. This gives you reprieve from negativity while still leaving the opportunity for continuing friendships open. 2. Shut Off Your Notifications on Your Smart Phone There is absolutely no need to interrupt some activity of yours to pay heed to some social media message. What could create more social media overload than being tethered to your social media account. If you do this, you also take yourself away from temporary social media drama. It will also be amazingly freeing once you become the one who is in control of when and how you receive notifications. Give it a try for 24 hours and you will be amazed at how much happier you are. 3. Take Quiet Breaks From Social Media When You Need to Disengage You've heard it before. Step back. Don't engage. Take a break. You should follow this advice. Social media breaks are a great way to focus on other things, take yourself away from drama, and rethink   your social media presence. If you do decide to take a break, please consider doing so quietly. If you are tempted to leave social media in the midst of a conflict, and feel the need to announce it publicly, the result will be the creation of more drama. 4. Outside Every Single Day A brief foray into nature could be just what you need to understand and put the pressures of social media into proper perspective. Whatever you do, you will come back to your desktop with a renewed sense of interest and a fresh perspective. Do this on a regular basis, and you will become almost immune to the effects of social media overload. You will also establish a pattern with other social media users that you can and will leave social media when it interferes with your daily activities. 5. Make Human Contact a Daily Priority There is nothing like real life, human contact to offset the impact of social media overload. It serves as a great reminder that there are human beings behind screen names, and that there is often more going on in people's lives than what they present on social media. Also, no matter how much contact we have with people through social media, we still need real life interaction with one another. These are just 5 possible suggestions to help you keep social media from becoming too important of a presence in your life. You can probably think of several other strategies in addition to these. The point in general is that social media is a great thing, but it can become too important. It can also be a medium for toxicity and nastiness if you allow it to become that. What do you think? Have you struggled with problems caused by social media overload? How did you handle the situation, and what advice would you give to others? Which items would you add or remove from our list? Leave a comment to let us know, or drop us a line. We are always interested in hearing what you think.